Accession ID: MIRT001095 [miRNA, hsa-miR-26a :: PTEN, target gene]
miRNA Infomation
miRNA namehsa-miR-26a
miRNA-target interaction network
Gene Information
Gene Symbol PTEN LinkOut: [ Entrez Gene | BioGPS | Wikipedia | iHop ]
Synonyms 10q23del, BZS, DEC, MGC11227, MHAM, MMAC1, PTEN1, TEP1
Description phosphatase and tensin homolog
Transcript NM_000314   LinkOut: [ RefSeq ]
Expression LinkOut: [ BioGPS ]
KEGG Pathway hsa00562    Inositol phosphate metabolism - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa04070    Phosphatidylinositol signaling system - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa04115    p53 signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa04510    Focal adhesion - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa04530    Tight junction - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa05200    Pathways in cancer - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa05213    Endometrial cancer - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa05214    Glioma - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa05215    Prostate cancer - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa05218    Melanoma - Homo sapiens (human)
hsa05222    Small cell lung cancer - Homo sapiens (human)
Putative miRNA Targets on PTEN LinkOut: [ TargetScan 5.1 | MicroCosm | miRNAMap 2.0 ]
3'UTR of PTEN
(miRNA target sites are highlighted)
>PTEN|NM_000314|3'UTR
   1 TGAATTTTTTTTTATCAAGAGGGATAAAACACCATGAAAATAAACTTGAATAAACTGAAAATGGACCTTTTTTTTTTTAA
  81 TGGCAATAGGACATTGTGTCAGATTACCAGTTATAGGAACAATTCTCTTTTCCTGACCAATCTTGTTTTACCCTATACAT
 161 CCACAGGGTTTTGACACTTGTTGTCCAGTTGAAAAAAGGTTGTGTAGCTGTGTCATGTATATACCTTTTTGTGTCAAAAG
 241 GACATTTAAAATTCAATTAGGATTAATAAAGATGGCACTTTCCCGTTTTATTCCAGTTTTATAAAAAGTGGAGACAGACT
 321 GATGTGTATACGTAGGAATTTTTTCCTTTTGTGTTCTGTCACCAACTGAAGTGGCTAAAGAGCTTTGTGATATACTGGTT
 401 CACATCCTACCCCTTTGCACTTGTGGCAACAGATAAGTTTGCAGTTGGCTAAGAGAGGTTTCCGAAGGGTTTTGCTACAT
 481 TCTAATGCATGTATTCGGGTTAGGGGAATGGAGGGAATGCTCAGAAAGGAAATAATTTTATGCTGGACTCTGGACCATAT
 561 ACCATCTCCAGCTATTTACACACACCTTTCTTTAGCATGCTACAGTTATTAATCTGGACATTCGAGGAATTGGCCGCTGT
 641 CACTGCTTGTTGTTTGCGCATTTTTTTTTAAAGCATATTGGTGCTAGAAAAGGCAGCTAAAGGAAGTGAATCTGTATTGG
 721 GGTACAGGAATGAACCTTCTGCAACATCTTAAGATCCACAAATGAAGGGATATAAAAATAATGTCATAGGTAAGAAACAC
 801 AGCAACAATGACTTAACCATATAAATGTGGAGGCTATCAACAAAGAATGGGCTTGAAACATTATAAAAATTGACAATGAT
 881 TTATTAAATATGTTTTCTCAATTGTAACGACTTCTCCATCTCCTGTGTAATCAAGGCCAGTGCTAAAATTCAGATGCTGT
 961 TAGTACCTACATCAGTCAACAACTTACACTTATTTTACTAGTTTTCAATCATAATACCTGCTGTGGATGCTTCATGTGCT
1041 GCCTGCAAGCTTCTTTTTTCTCATTAAATATAAAATATTTTGTAATGCTGCACAGAAATTTTCAATTTGAGATTCTACAG
1121 TAAGCGTTTTTTTTCTTTGAAGATTTATGATGCACTTATTCAATAGCTGTCAGCCGTTCCACCCTTTTGACCTTACACAT
1201 TCTATTACAATGAATTTTGCAGTTTTGCACATTTTTTAAATGTCATTAACTGTTAGGGAATTTTACTTGAATACTGAATA
1281 CATATAATGTTTATATTAAAAAGGACATTTGTGTTAAAAAGGAAATTAGAGTTGCAGTAAACTTTCAATGCTGCACACAA
1361 AAAAAAGACATTTGATTTTTCAGTAGAAATTGTCCTACATGTGCTTTATTGATTTGCTATTGAAAGAATAGGGTTTTTTT
1441 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTAAATGTGCAGTGTTGAATCATTTCTTCATAGTGCTCCCCCGAGTTGGGACTAGGGCTT
1521 CAATTTCACTTCTTAAAAAAAATCATCATATATTTGATATGCCCAGACTGCATACGATTTTAAGCGGAGTACAACTACTA
1601 TTGTAAAGCTAATGTGAAGATATTATTAAAAAGGTTTTTTTTTCCAGAAATTTGGTGTCTTCAAATTATACCTTCACCTT
1681 GACATTTGAATATCCAGCCATTTTGTTTCTTAATGGTATAAAATTCCATTTTCAATAACTTATTGGTGCTGAAATTGTTC
1761 ACTAGCTGTGGTCTGACCTAGTTAATTTACAAATACAGATTGAATAGGACCTACTAGAGCAGCATTTATAGAGTTTGATG
1841 GCAAATAGATTAGGCAGAACTTCATCTAAAATATTCTTAGTAAATAATGTTGACACGTTTTCCATACCTTGTCAGTTTCA
1921 TTCAACAATTTTTAAATTTTTAACAAAGCTCTTAGGATTTACACATTTATATTTAAACATTGATATATAGAGTATTGATT
2001 GATTGCTCATAAGTTAAATTGGTAAAGTTAGAGACAACTATTCTAACACCTCACCATTGAAATTTATATGCCACCTTGTC
2081 TTTCATAAAAGCTGAAAATTGTTACCTAAAATGAAAATCAACTTCATGTTTTGAAGATAGTTATAAATATTGTTCTTTGT
2161 TACAATTTCGGGCACCGCATATTAAAACGTAACTTTATTGTTCCAATATGTAACATGGAGGGCCAGGTCATAAATAATGA
2241 CATTATAATGGGCTTTTGCACTGTTATTATTTTTCCTTTGGAATGTGAAGGTCTGAATGAGGGTTTTGATTTTGAATGTT
2321 TCAATGTTTTTGAGAAGCCTTGCTTACATTTTATGGTGTAGTCATTGGAAATGGAAAAATGGCATTATATATATTATATA
2401 TATAAATATATATTATACATACTCTCCTTACTTTATTTCAGTTACCATCCCCATAGAATTTGACAAGAATTGCTATGACT
2481 GAAAGGTTTTCGAGTCCTAATTAAAACTTTATTTATGGCAGTATTCATAATTAGCCTGAAATGCATTCTGTAGGTAATCT
2561 CTGAGTTTCTGGAATATTTTCTTAGACTTTTTGGATGTGCAGCAGCTTACATGTCTGAAGTTACTTGAAGGCATCACTTT
2641 TAAGAAAGCTTACAGTTGGGCCCTGTACCATCCCAAGTCCTTTGTAGCTCCTCTTGAACATGTTTGCCATACTTTTAAAA
2721 GGGTAGTTGAATAAATAGCATCACCATTCTTTGCTGTGGCACAGGTTATAAACTTAAGTGGAGTTTACCGGCAGCATCAA
2801 ATGTTTCAGCTTTAAAAAATAAAAGTAGGGTACAAGTTTAATGTTTAGTTCTAGAAATTTTGTGCAATATGTTCATAACG
2881 ATGGCTGTGGTTGCCACAAAGTGCCTCGTTTACCTTTAAATACTGTTAATGTGTCATGCATGCAGATGGAAGGGGTGGAA
2961 CTGTGCACTAAAGTGGGGGCTTTAACTGTAGTATTTGGCAGAGTTGCCTTCTACCTGCCAGTTCAAAAGTTCAACCTGTT
3041 TTCATATAGAATATATATACTAAAAAATTTCAGTCTGTTAAACAGCCTTACTCTGATTCAGCCTCTTCAGATACTCTTGT
3121 GCTGTGCAGCAGTGGCTCTGTGTGTAAATGCTATGCACTGAGGATACACAAAAATACCAATATGATGTGTACAGGATAAT
3201 GCCTCATCCCAATCAGATGTCCATTTGTTATTGTGTTTGTTAACAACCCTTTATCTCTTAGTGTTATAAACTCCACTTAA
3281 AACTGATTAAAGTCTCATTCTTGTCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Target sites Provided by authors  Predicted by miRanda
Experimental Support 1 for Functional miRNA-Target Interaction
miRNA:Target hsa-miR-26a :: PTEN    [ Functional MTI ]
Validation Method Western blot ,
Conditions NIH/3T3, ,
Location of target site 3'UTR, unknown
Tools used in this research TargetScan,
Original Description (Extracted from the article) ... We also show that miR-26a is frequently amplified at the DNA level in human glioma, most often in association with monoallelic PTEN loss. Finally, we demonstrate that miR-26a-mediated PTEN repression in a murine glioma model both enhances de novo tumor formation and precludes loss of heterozygosity and the PTEN locus. ...

- Huse, J. T. Brennan, C. Hambardzumyan, D. et al., 2009, Genes Dev.

Article - Huse, J. T. Brennan, C. Hambardzumyan, D. et al.
- Genes Dev, 2009
Activated oncogenic signaling is central to the development of nearly all forms of cancer, including the most common class of primary brain tumor, glioma. Research over the last two decades has revealed the particular importance of the Akt pathway, and its molecular antagonist PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), in the process of gliomagenesis. Recent studies have also demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) may be responsible for the modulation of cancer-implicated genes in tumors. Here we report the identification miR-26a as a direct regulator of PTEN expression. We also show that miR-26a is frequently amplified at the DNA level in human glioma, most often in association with monoallelic PTEN loss. Finally, we demonstrate that miR-26a-mediated PTEN repression in a murine glioma model both enhances de novo tumor formation and precludes loss of heterozygosity and the PTEN locus. Our results document a new epigenetic mechanism for PTEN regulation in glioma and further highlight dysregulation of Akt signaling as crucial to the development of these tumors.
LinkOut: [PMID: 19487573]
Experimental Support 2 for Functional miRNA-Target Interaction
miRNA:Target hsa-miR-26a :: PTEN    [ Functional MTI ]
Validation Method GFP reporter assay , Luciferase reporter assay , Western blot
Conditions 293T
Location of target site 3'UTR
Tools used in this research miRanda, miRBase Target Database, TargetScan
Original Description (Extracted from the article) ... Reporter assays in which the PTEN, RB1, or MAP3K2 3`-UTRs (con-taining predicted binding sites for miR-26a) were fused to GFP or luciferase coni??rmed that the 3`-UTRs of these mRNAs confer regulation by miR-26a (Fig. S2 a and b). ...

- Kim, H. Huang, W. Jiang, X. Pennicooke, B. et al., 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.

Article - Kim, H. Huang, W. Jiang, X. Pennicooke, B. et al.
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010
Using a multidimensional genomic data set on glioblastoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we identified hsa-miR-26a as a cooperating component of a frequently occurring amplicon that also contains CDK4 and CENTG1, two oncogenes that regulate the RB1 and PI3 kinase/AKT pathways, respectively. By integrating DNA copy number, mRNA, microRNA, and DNA methylation data, we identified functionally relevant targets of miR-26a in glioblastoma, including PTEN, RB1, and MAP3K2/MEKK2. We demonstrate that miR-26a alone can transform cells and it promotes glioblastoma cell growth in vitro and in the mouse brain by decreasing PTEN, RB1, and MAP3K2/MEKK2 protein expression, thereby increasing AKT activation, promoting proliferation, and decreasing c-JUN N-terminal kinase-dependent apoptosis. Overexpression of miR-26a in PTEN-competent and PTEN-deficient glioblastoma cells promoted tumor growth in vivo, and it further increased growth in cells overexpressing CDK4 or CENTG1. Importantly, glioblastoma patients harboring this amplification displayed markedly decreased survival. Thus, hsa-miR-26a, CDK4, and CENTG1 comprise a functionally integrated oncomir/oncogene DNA cluster that promotes aggressiveness in human cancers by cooperatively targeting the RB1, PI3K/AKT, and JNK pathways.
LinkOut: [PMID: 20080666]
Experimental Support 3 for Functional miRNA-Target Interaction
miRNA:Target hsa-miR-26a :: PTEN    [ Functional MTI ]
Validation Method Luciferase reporter assay , Western blot
Location of target site 3'UTR
Article - Inui, M. Martello, G. Piccolo, S.
- Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2010
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integral elements in the post-transcriptional control of gene expression. After the identification of hundreds of miRNAs, the challenge is now to understand their specific biological function. Signalling pathways are ideal candidates for miRNA-mediated regulation owing to the sharp dose-sensitive nature of their effects. Indeed, emerging evidence suggests that miRNAs affect the responsiveness of cells to signalling molecules such as transforming growth factor-beta, WNT, Notch and epidermal growth factor. As such, miRNAs serve as nodes of signalling networks that ensure homeostasis and regulate cancer, metastasis, fibrosis and stem cell biology.
LinkOut: [PMID: 20216554]