Accession ID: MIRT004597 [miRNA, hsa-miR-31 :: CASR, target gene]
pre-miRNA Information
pre-miRNA ID hsa-mir-31 LinkOut: [miRBase ]
Synonyms MIRN31, hsa-mir-31, miR-31, MIR31
Description Homo sapiens miR-31 stem-loop
Comment The mature sequence shown here represents the most commonly cloned form from large-scale cloning studies . The 5' end of the miRNA may be offset with respect to previous annotations.
2nd Structure of pre-miRNA
Mature miRNA Information
Mature miRNA hsa-miR-31-3p
Mature Sequence 44| UGCUAUGCCAACAUAUUGCCAU |65
Evidence Experimental
Experiments Cloned
Putative hsa-miR-31-3p Targets LinkOut: [ TargetScanS 5.1 | MicroCosm | microRNA.org | miRecords | miRDB | miRo | miRNAMap 2.0 ]
Mature miRNA hsa-miR-31-5p
Mature Sequence 8| AGGCAAGAUGCUGGCAUAGCU |28
Evidence Experimental
Experiments Cloned
Putative hsa-miR-31-5p Targets LinkOut: [ TargetScanS 5.1 | MicroCosm | microRNA.org | miRecords | miRDB | miRo | miRNAMap 2.0 ]
miRNA-target interaction network
Gene Information
Gene Symbol CASR LinkOut: [ Entrez Gene | BioGPS | Wikipedia | iHop ]
Synonyms CAR, EIG8, FHH, FIH, GPRC2A, HHC, HHC1, MGC138441, NSHPT, PCAR1
Description calcium-sensing receptor
Transcript NM_000388   LinkOut: [ RefSeq ]
Expression LinkOut: [ BioGPS ]
Putative miRNA Targets on CASR LinkOut: [ TargetScan 5.1 | MicroCosm | miRNAMap 2.0 ]
3'UTR of CASR
(miRNA target sites are highlighted)		 
>CASR|NM_000388|3'UTR
   1 TAAAATGGAAGGAGAAGACTGGGCTAGGGAGAATGCAGAGAGGTTTCTTGGGGTCCCAGGGAAGAGGAATCGCCCCAGAC
  81 TCCTTTCCTCTGAGGAAGAAGGGATAATAGACACATCAAATGCCCCGAATTTAGTCACACCATCTTAAATGACAGTGAAT
 161 TGACCCATGTTCCCTTTAAAATTAAAAAAAAGAAGAGCCTTGTGTTTCTGTGGTTGCATTTGTCAAAGCATTGAGATCTC
 241 CACGGTCAGATTTGCTGTTCACCCACATCTAATGTCTCTTCCTCTGTTCTATCCCACCCAACAGCTCAGAGATGAAACTA
 321 TGGCTTTAAACTACCCTCCAGAGTGTGCAGACTGATGGGACATCAAATTTGCCACCACTAGAGCTGAGAGTCTGAAAGAC
 401 AGAATGTCACCAGTCCTGCCCAATGCCTTGACAACAGACTGAATTTTAAATGTTCACAACATAAGGAGAATGTATCTCCT
 481 CCTATTTATGAAAACCATATGATATTTTGTCTCCTACCTGCTGCTGCTATTATGTAACATCCAGAAGGTTTGCACCCCTC
 561 CTATACCATATGTCTGCTTCTGTCCAGGACATGATACTGATGCCATGTTTAGATTCCAGGATCACAAGAATCACCTCAAA
 641 TTGTTAGGAAGGGACTGCATAAACCAATGAGCTGTATCTGTAATTAATATTCCTATATGTAGCTTTATCCTTAGGAAAAT
 721 GCTTCTGTTGTAATAGTCCATGGACAATATAAACTGAAAAATGTCAGTCTGGTTTATATAAGGCAGTATTATTGAGCTCT
 801 ATTTCCCCACCCCACTATCCTCACTCCCATAAGCTAAGCCTTATGTGAGCCCCTTCAGGGACTCAAGGGTCCAGAAGTCC
 881 CTCCCATCTCTACCCCAAAGAATTCCTGAAGCCAGATCCACCCTATCCCTGTACAGAGTAAGTTCTCAATTATTGGCCTG
 961 CTAATAGCTGCTAGGGTAGGAAAGCGTGGTTCCAAGAAAGATCCACCCTCAAATGTCAGAGCTATGTTCCCTCCAGCAGT
1041 GGTATTAATACTGCCGGTCACCCAGGCTCTGGAGCCAGAGAGACAGACCGGGGTTCAAGCCATGGCTTCGTCATTTGCAA
1121 GCTGAGTGACTGTAGGCAGGGAACCTTAACCTCTCTAAGCCACAGCTTCTTCATCTTTAAAATAAGGATAATAATCATTC
1201 TTTCCCCTCAGAGCTCTTATGTGGATTAAACGAGATAATGTATATAAAGTACTTTAGCCTGGTACCTAGCACACAATAAG
1281 CATTCAATAAATATTAGTTAATATTATTAAAAAAAAAA
Target sites Provided by authors  Predicted by miRanda
miRNA-target interactions (Predicted by miRanda)
IDDuplex structurePositionScoreMFE
1 
miRNA  3' uaccGUUAUACAAC----CG--UAUCGu 5'
              |||| | |||    ||  ||||| 
Target 5' ttctCAAT-TATTGGCCTGCTAATAGCt 3'
 		943 - 969 115.00 -9.10
2 
miRNA  3' uaccguuauacaaccGUAUCGu 5'
                         |||:|| 
Target 5' gaccggggttcaagcCATGGCt 3'
 		1086 - 1107 104.00 -7.60
3 
miRNA  3' uaCCGUUAUACAACCGUAUCGu 5'
            ||: : || ||| || ||| 
Target 5' gtGGTTGCAT-TTGTCAAAGCa 3'
 		210 - 230 99.00 -8.60
Experimental Support 1 for Functional miRNA-Target Interaction
miRNA:Target hsa-miR-31 :: CASR    [ Functional MTI ]
Validation Method LacZ assay
Conditions SAS
Location of target site 3'UTR
Tools used in this research PicTar, TargetScan
Original Description (Extracted from the article) ... miR-31 expression repressed FIH expression and mutations within the predictive miR-31 target site in the FIH 3' UTR abrogated FIH repression ...

- Liu, C. J. Tsai, M. M. Hung, P. S. Kao, S. et al., 2010, Cancer Res.
Article - Liu, C. J. Tsai, M. M. Hung, P. S. Kao, S. et al.
- Cancer Res, 2010
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenously expressed noncoding RNAs with important biological and pathological functions that are yet to be fully defined. This study investigated alterations in miRNA expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the incidence of which is rising throughout the world. Initial screening and subsequent analysis identified a panel of aberrantly expressed miRNAs in HNSCC tissues, with miR-31 among the most markedly upregulated. Ectopic expression of miR-31 increased the oncogenic potential of HNSCC cells under normoxic conditions in cell culture or tumor xenografts. Conversely, blocking miR-31 expression reduced the growth of tumor xenografts. The in silico analysis suggested that miR-31 may target the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH), a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) regulatory factor that inhibits the ability of HIF to act as a transcriptional regulator under normoxic conditions. In support of this likelihood, miR-31 expression repressed FIH expression and mutations within the predictive miR-31 target site in the FIH 3' UTR abrogated FIH repression. Furthermore, miR-31 expression increased HIF transactivation activity. We found that FIH suppressed oncogenic phenotypes under normoxic conditions and that this activity was abrogated by functional mutations. Lastly, increased miR-31 expression was correlated with decreased levels of FIH in tumor tissues. Our findings suggest that miR-31 contributes to the development of HNSCC by impeding FIH to activate HIF under normoxic conditions.
LinkOut: [PMID: 20145132]